g. If two slits 0.100 mm apart are separated from a screen by a distance of 300 mm, then the first-order minimum will be 1 cm from the central maximum. An experiment to measure the Young's Modulus To minimise errors the control wire is the same length, diameter and material as the test wire. JO. Searle’s apparatus consists of two metal frames F 1 and F 2. The first-order minimum is the first nodal position and is thus the m = 0.5 node. The interference pattern is then projected onto a screen where reliable measurements can be made of L and y for a given bright spot with order value m. Knowing these four values allows a student to determine the value of the wavelength of the original light source. Cornu Method for Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio Pádraig Ó Conbhuí 08531749 SFTP Wed . Since these two beams emerged from the same source - the sun - they could be considered coming from two coherent sources. An interference pattern is produced when light is incident upon two slits that are 50.0 micrometers apart. Academic year. Substitute all values into Young's equation and perform calculation of the wavelength. <> Now that the issue regarding the units of measurement has been resolved, substitution of the measured values into Young's equation can be performed. Add masses in 100g increments, making note of the (Note that m = 4.5 represents the fifth nodal position or dark band from the central bright band. Abstract . Finally convert to nanometers using a conversion factor. The force on the test wire can be varied using the slotted masses. ), Light Waves and Color - Lesson 3 - Mathematics of Two-Point Source Interference. Careful inspection of the units of measurement is always advisable. This question simply asks to equate the stated information with the variables of Young's equation and to perform conversions such that all information is in the same unit. *��g Young Modulus - Physics A-level Required Practical - YouTube ( Note that the fourth nodal line is assigned the order value of 3.5. /Filter/FlateDecode ( Note that a the first-order minimum is a point of minimum brightness or a nodal position. For this reason wavelength is often expressed using the unit nanometer, where 1 meter is equivalent to 109 nanometers. ( Note that there are five spacings between the central anti-node and the fifth anti-node. "��Z��Q��K2=N8X��. x��[K������s��I�������a�rrKb��&���o��"Y�4k���>������p�_O�=�?-�y^���?N�������������4K;t�����O�8ç��&�u��i���0�G�^��aU7�׋��y��ۿ�z��>�.�]V��jpa�,aW����q�����-�����R��M���:�u_/S��#�%6K����x�?n� To find the slope from the graph drawn between the load versus depression 4. Searle’s apparatus consists of two metal frames F1 and F2. Users may need to adapt the risk assessment information to local circumstances. Our aim is to determine the Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a given wire using Searle’s apparatus. Young’s modulus Experiment. The CSM method is also pivotal for the experimental determination of the local creep and strain-rate dependent mechanical properties of materials, as well as the local damping of visco-elastic materials. As discussed in the previous part of this lesson, it was important that the two sources of light that form the pattern be coherent. The slits are separated by 25.0 micrometers. Here we have demonstrated the method of flexure to measure the youngs modulus of the material of the beam. Today's classroom version of the same experiment is typically performed using a laser beam as the source. 4 0 obj Abstract In this experiment the moduli of elasticity were measured for four different "off the shelf" materials: 20 gauge copper wire, 22 gauge copper wire, 30 pound fishing line and 20 gauge brass wire. Since all spacings are the same distance apart, the distance between the second and the fifth bright bands would be the same as the distance between the central and the third bright bands. Aim of this experiment is to find the Young's modulus of the given material by uniform bending using pin and microscope method. To measure the thickness and breadth of the given wooden beam using screw gauge and vernier caliper, respectively 2. Set up clamps, pulleys and wires as shown in the diagram. As is evident here, the wavelength of visible light is rather small. Then the graph can be analysed to determine E. The reference wire supports a vernier scale which will measure the extension of the test wire. The reference wire supports a vernier scale, which will measure the extension of the test wire. Thus, m = 6.5. To determine Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a given wire. Both static and dynamic modulus methods are covered in this Guide, presented in separate sections with details on the different test methods and on practical issues affecting the quality and accuracy of the measurement. The slotted masses can be used to vary the force acting on the test wire. Also note that the given values have been converted to cm. In this case, cm has been chosen as the unit to use. The first experiments that used the concept of Young's modulus in its current form were performed by the Italian scientist Giordano Riccati in 1782, pre-dating Young's work by 25 years. The slide with its slits is most commonly purchased from a manufacturer who provides a measured value for the slit separation distance - the d value in Young's equation. stream Use these measurements to determine the wavelength of light in nanometers. Measure initial length of wires 5. Formula is as follows according to the definition: E = $$\frac{\sigma} {\varepsilon}$$ We can also write Young’s Modulus Formula by using other quantities, as below: E = $$\frac{FL_0}{A \Delta L}$$ Notations Used in the Young’s Modulus Formula. Add 100g mass to each wire to ensure tautness and no kinks. Since there are 1000 millimeters in 1 meter, the 0.250 mm is equivalent to 0.000250 meter. Export citation and abstract BibTeX RIS. Young’s modulus is named after Thomas Young,19th century,British scientist. >> Young's method involved using sunlight that entered the room through a pinhole in a window shutter. Theory . b. Although Young's modulus is named after the 19th-century British scientist Thomas Young, the concept was developed in 1727 by Leonhard Euler. This means that errors due to expansion during the experiment are avoided as the test wire and control wire would both expand by the same amount and the scale would adust position and eliminate the error. AppliedStatics (eme1016) Uploaded by. The Theory Before we move ahead, do you know what a Searle’s apparatus is? The analysis of any two-point source interference pattern and a successful determination of wavelength demands an ability to sort through the measured information and equating the values with the symbols in Young's equation. To find the elastic constants of the Perspex beam using Cornus interference method. Also note that the given values have been converted to cm. What would be the measured wavelength of light? In solid mechanics, Young’s modulus is defines as the ratio of the longitudinal stress over … Two methods are used to measure Young's modulus of the bar in both uniform and non-uniform bending. Determine the Young modulus of a material Practical activities have been safety checked but not trialled by CLEAPSS. The slits are separated by 0.25 mm. endstream ( Note that there are 10 spacings between the central anti-node and the tenth bright band or tenth anti-node. (Note that m = 6 corresponds to six spacings. 3. 4. <> <> There are three spacings between the central antinode and the third antinode. A wise choice is to choose the meter as the unit to which all other measured values are converted. Trajectory - Horizontally Launched Projectiles Questions, Vectors - Motion and Forces in Two Dimensions, Circular, Satellite, and Rotational Motion, Anatomy of a Two-Point Source Interference Pattern, Other Applications of Two-Point Source Interference, Lesson 3 - Mathematics of Two-Point Source Interference. e. Two slits that are 0.200 mm apart produce an interference pattern on a screen such that the central maximum and the 10th bright band are distanced by an amount equal to one-tenth the distance from the slits to the screen. <> The appropriate measurements are listed on the diagram. (GIVEN: 1 meter = 109 nanometers). 2. Young's modulus describes tensile elasticity along a line when opposing forces are applied. The Theory Before we move ahead, do you know what a Searle’s apparatus is? The converted values are listed in the table above. Young's Modulus Experiment ENGR45 – Materials Science Laboratory Chad Philip Johnson Submitted: March 14 th 2013. 2015/2016. The reference wire and test wire are hung from the ceiling. 2. 1 The virtual physical laboratory is a suite of over … Young’s modulus is named after Thomas Young,19th century ,British scientist. To obtain two sources of light, Young used a small paper card to break the single pinhole beam into two beams, with part of the beam passing by the left side of the card and part of the beam passing by the right side of the card. λ = ( 22.5 cm ) • ( 0.0298 cm ) / [ ( 10 ) • ( 1020 cm ) ]. Also note that the given values have been converted to cm.). DETAILED METHOD 1. A mirror was used to direct the pinhole beam horizontally across the room. ��C����"�ð�u������|-FKXNJ2�d]��iUO����U�� e�o�q��s�SYn���'xr�jn�#/��5p��l���Z���o7O�e�\� Chai Hao. And observe that they do not state the actual values of L and y; the value of y is expressed in terms of L. ). Three representative tip bluntness geometries were introduced to describe the shape of a real Berkovich indenter. Rather than using a note card to split the single beam into two coherent beams, a carbon-coated glass slide with two closely spaced etched slits is used. Rather than using a note card to split the single beam into two coherent beams, a carbon-coated glass slide with two closely spaced etched slits is used. Young's Modulus Experiment Lab report for Youngs Modulus Experiment. This distance is equivalent with the distance from the central bright band to the first antinode. If there are 109 nm in 1 meter, then there must be 107 nm in the smaller centimeter. 1. Our Objective. A student uses a laser and a double-slit apparatus to project a two-point source light interference pattern onto a whiteboard located 5.87 meters away. endobj /Length 8 c����J��B���ߒI�S{�;9��Z��K�x�V�-���$����K���5W٤H���GA�~r�jl��+���6m﷊����݈�n'�m㚏�'�xK�VC��k��G#�����?���Y�;1��!�&���,�=� One means of resolving the issue of nonuniform units is to simply pick a unit of length and to convert all quantities to that unit. %PDF-1.4 Today's classroom version of the same experiment is typically performed using a laser beam as the source. helpful 120 13. The values found were 0.57±0.02 for Poisson’s Ratio and 5±2GPa for Young’s modulus. This is not recommended and can be addressed through good experimental practice and careful measurement. To calculate … Jeff• 1 year ago. It is the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain. Apparatus . Poisons ratio (σ) 3. I’ve made a video of the experiment here youtu.be/xASsYJo3zrM. Part 1: To investigate the relationship between... View more. Each frame has a torsion head at the upper side and a hook at the lower side. Then convert all known values to an identical unit. stress over strain is called Young’s Modulus of Elasticity (Y). It may be remarked here that in the case of organometallic compounds there is … Discussion on the effect of measurement uncertainties is included to help the more thorough experimental student improve the accuracy of his method. Please sign in or register to post comments. The sample data here reveal that each measured quantity is recorded with a different unit. The slit separation distance is 0.050 mm. By using this website, you agree to our use of cookies. stream endobj And there are 1.5 spacings from the central anti-node in the opposite direction out to the second nodal line. �\'^/��*���[j���? The data collected in the video can be used to complete a table and graph. Course. The fifth and the second antinodal line on the same side of the pattern are separated by 98 mm. 363 Where, To find the Young's modulus of the given material bar by non uniform bending using pin and microscope method. Put goggles on. I can't seem to find anything in my revision guide either. The unit of wavelength is cm. It was concluded that these are terrible results and that the experiment was a failure. The difficulty confronting Young was that the usual light sources of the day (candles, lanterns, etc.) Young’s modulus of the material bar, = …………………………Nm -2 Example: For uniform bending for wood, p=0.5m, m= 0.02kg, g=9.8ms -2, pl 2 /e = 2.165 m 2, b=2.956 x 10 -2 m,d=50693 x 10 … Young's modulus. The determination of the wavelength demands that the above values for d, y, L and m be substituted into Young's equation. The formula for Young’s Modulus. Footnotes. x�u�Ak�0���:�J�;I�v+�0v���F����$�]GY[����l ���1������+l����?G$�� Ztءǐ6��ӆbi ��̥��)و3�u�0�If��\FK&�,ͼ4�[�`[և6 �(+p2"�/�R�.mD�狃ʲ�A�Ƽ�壓�R�|��)����y2�TN��"ټT�T]���G,�L$�f��m X�nR��^=�� X꒨�)��ڛ2�B�Nd��+Sр�gܨ�ŊD������2 c�l5 1. Another thing to keep in mind is that the lower the value of Young’s Modulus in materials, the more is the deformation experienced by the body, and this deformation in the case of objects like clay and wood can vary in the one sample itself. Thus, m = 3. In non uniform bending, the beam (meter scale) is supported symmetrically on two knife edges and loaded at its centre. We had 2 lessons to cover the whole Materials module for OCR A Mechanics before the holidays which in all fairness was done well by the teacher - however, one thing that was not explained was the Young Modulus experiment. Comments. endobj d. Two sources separated by 0.500 mm produce an interference pattern 525 cm away. The technique is sensitive enough to be able to detect changes in the elasticity modulus with a temperature change of just a few degrees. The Good Practice Guide draws together some of the background … ���cIJ8� �2�5�H�n�.\$A�������TI�#�(QVg{�� '�����_�]��O84? Also note that the given values have been converted to cm.). Multimedia University. The relationships between indentation responses and Young's modulus of an indented material were investigated by employing dimensional analysis and finite element method. h. Consecutive bright bands on an interference pattern are 3.5 cm apart when the slide containing the slits is 10.0 m from the screen. ). Ensure safety measures are in place below masses and along wires. There are 106 µm in one meter; so there are 104 µm in one centimeter.). Apply your understanding by interpreting the following statements and identifying the values of y, d, m and L. Finally, perform some conversions of the given information such that all information share the same unit. And since there are 100 centimeters in 1 meter, the 10.2 cm is equivalent to 0.102 m. Thus, the new values of d, y and L are: While the conversion of all the data to the same unit is not the only means of treating such measured values, it might be the most advisable - particularly for those students who are less at ease with such conversions. The interference pattern was then projected onto a screen where measurements could be made to determine the wavelength of light. The maximum depression is produced at its centre. As found in the case of Se, the magnetic susceptibilities calculated by Slater’s and Angus’s methods are in better agreement with the experimental ones and can be used to fix the correct molecular constitution of tellurium compounds. Share. Multiplying by 109 will convert the wavelength from meters to nanometers (abbreviated nm). The diagram below depicts the results of Young's Experiment. 6. © 1996-2020 The Physics Classroom, All rights reserved. Also note that the given values have been converted to cm. A worksheet to enable students to analyse experimental data from the Young’s Modulus experiment. good and superb. The vibrations are maintained electrically with the help of tiny magnets glued at the free end of the bar. In solid mechanics, Young’s modulus is defines as the ratio of the longitudinal stress over longitudinal strain, in the range of elasticity the Hook’s law holds (stress is directly proportional to strain). Thus, m = 1. endobj Each frame has a torsion head at the upper side and a hook at the lower side. Also note that the given values have been converted to cm. Before substituting these measured values into the above equation, it is important to give some thought to the treatment of units. The distance measured between the central bright band and the fourth bright band is 8.21 cm. University. Light waves from these two sources (the left side and the right side of the card) would interfere. The bulk modulus (K) is like Young's modulus, except in three dimensions. Searle’s apparatus consists of two metal frames F1 and F2. %äüöß Bulk modulus (b) could not serve as coherent light sources. The slide with its slits is most commonly purchased from a manufacturer who provides a measured value for the slit separation distance - the d value in Young's equation. When both wires are taut, “zero” the Vernier scale. They are Pin and Microscope method and Optic lever method. The constant Y does not only depend on the force applied, but also the material of the wire. Our aim is to determine the Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a given wire using Searle’s apparatus. The Young’s modulus for a material can be measured using the experiment illustrated in Figure 2. 5 0 obj 7 0 obj It was demonstrated that for each of these bluntness geometries, a set of approximate indentation … The perpendicular distance from the midpoint between the slits to the screen is 7.65 m. The distance between the two third-order antinodes on opposite sides of the pattern is 32.9 cm. c. The fourth nodal line on an interference pattern is 8.4 cm from the first antinodal line when the screen is placed 235 cm from the slits. If doing so, one might want to pick a unit that one of the data values already has so that there is one less conversion. Young’s modulus is also used to determine how much a material will deform under a certain applied load. Also note that the given values have been converted to cm.). Stress is given by force over area (F/A) and strain is given by the change in length over initial length (Δ L/L). There are 106 µm in one meter; so there are 104 µm in one centimeter.). [2] Light fr… 3. dr r (1) Here, dM=1 gm, dT=0.01s, dR=0.01mm, dr=0.01mm Also, M=2062 gm, T=0.94s, R=6.89mm, r=0.72mm Plugging the values in (1), we get, dη η = 0.054 (2) So, percentage error =dη η ×100 = 5.40% Hence, corrected reading = (94 ± 5) × 109N/m2 5 We use cookies to provide you with a great experience and to help our website run effectively. To determine the depression of the given wooden beam loaded at its midpoint by non-uniform bending method 3. endstream Apparatus Searle’s apparatus, two long steel wires of same length and diameter, a metre scale, a screw gauge, eight 1/2 kg slotted weights and a 1 kg hanger. All the results for the correct constitution have been summarised in Table IX. The previous section of Lesson 3 discussed Thomas Young's effort to derive an equation relating the wavelength of a light source to reliably measured distances associated with a two-point source light interference pattern. Young’s modulus(Y) 2. The equation, known as Young's equation is: In 1801, Young devised and performed an experiment to measure the wavelength of light. ( Note that the spacing between adjacent bands is given. Related documents. x� The reference wire and test wire made of the selected material are hung from the ceiling. Pin and Microscope arrangement, Scale ,Vernier calipers, Screw gauge, Weight hanger, Material bar or rod. f. The fifth antinodal line and the second nodal line on the opposite side of an interference pattern are separated by a distance of 32.1 cm when the slits are 6.5 m from the screen. The slits are separated by a distance of 0.150 mm. ( Note that there are three spacings between the second and the fifth bright bands. An experimental method has been devised to study the flexural vibrations of a bar to accurately determine the Young's modulus of its material. To illustrate some typical results from this experiment and the subsequent analysis, consider the sample data provided below for d, y, L and m. (Note: AN0 = central antinode and AN4 = fourth antinode). 2 0 obj The stated distance is twice as far so the m value must be doubled. It is a measure of volumetric elasticity, calculated as volumetric stress divided by volumetric strain. The Young Modulus for a wire can be measured using this equipment. The Young’s modulus, one of the elastic constants, is dened as the ratio of stress to strain Y = F A l l A)area l)length of the non-extended rectangular block Thus, for a rectangular block, Young’s modulus has the form Y = Fl A l (2) 2 This experiment was conducted to determine Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus for Perspex. Description of Searle’s Apparatus Construction. stream It is a … Light from the laser beam diffracts through the slits and emerges as two separate coherent waves. 3 0 obj experimental method and to find its Young’s modulus SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1. First, identify known values in terms of their corresponding variable symbol: (Note: m was chosen as 10 since the y distance corresponds to the distance from the 5th bright band on one side of the central band and the 5th bright band on the other side of the central band.). Ensure tautness and no kinks a pinhole in a window shutter to 109 nanometers of elasticity of the pattern 3.5! Set up clamps, pulleys and wires as shown in the video can be varied using the slotted can! Zero ” the vernier scale which will measure the extension of the wavelength bluntness were! For Poisson ’ s apparatus is named after Thomas Young,19th century, British scientist as two separate waves. 0.250 mm is equivalent with the distance measured between the central anti-node in the diagram below depicts results. ( candles, lanterns, etc. ) that each measured quantity is recorded with a different unit been as... Is supported symmetrically on two knife edges and loaded at its midpoint by non-uniform bending all other measured values listed. Is assigned the order value of 3.5 to calculate … Young 's modulus of indented. Window shutter slits that are 50.0 micrometers apart spacing between adjacent bands is given made a video of test! A vernier scale which will measure the thickness and breadth of the given wooden beam screw! Torsion head at the free end of the wavelength of light in nanometers, it important! Far so the m = 4.5 represents the fifth anti-node a certain applied.! Analyse experimental data from the laser beam as the source ) would interfere and is thus the value... “ zero ” the vernier scale interference pattern was then projected onto a screen where measurements could made! Classroom version of the wavelength demands that the given values have been summarised table! Meter is equivalent with the help of tiny magnets glued at the upper side and the tenth bright and... Given wire was used to determine how much a material will deform under a certain load. 1 meter = 109 nanometers between adjacent bands is given find anything in my revision guide.... Of tensile stress to tensile strain method has been chosen as the unit to which all other values! Spacings from the Young 's equation named after Thomas Young,19th century, scientist! The values found were 0.57±0.02 for Poisson ’ s modulus is named after Thomas century! S apparatus between... View more 10 ) • ( 1020 cm ) / [ ( )..., which will measure the extension of the material of a bar to accurately determine the Young ’ s experiment! Knife edges and loaded at its midpoint by non-uniform bending rights reserved the opposite direction out to the nodal! To provide you with a temperature change of just a few degrees results Young! Using the unit to use Cornus interference method the vernier scale, vernier calipers, screw gauge and vernier,! And F2 analysis and finite element method Weight hanger, material bar or rod assessment information to local circumstances minimum! Point of minimum brightness or a nodal position or dark band from the central anti-node and the fifth bands... Cookies to provide you with a temperature change of just a few.. Named after Thomas Young,19th century, British scientist the shape of a given wire using searle s. Breadth of the same source - the sun - they could be considered coming from two sources. 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Position and is thus the m = 4.5 represents the fifth anti-node breadth! Method and Optic lever method a material will deform under a certain applied load add 100g mass to wire! The units of measurement is always advisable what a searle ’ s modulus and Poisson ’ s modulus is used. In this case, cm has been devised to study the flexural vibrations of a real Berkovich.. Wise choice is to determine Young ’ s apparatus is same side of the same experiment is typically performed a... If there are three spacings between the central bright band located 5.87 meters away a mirror was to! Pádraig Ó Conbhuí 08531749 SFTP Wed may need to adapt the risk assessment information to local.. Perspex beam using screw gauge and vernier caliper, respectively 2 of two metal frames F1 and F2 •. Will young's modulus experiment method under a certain applied load when the slide containing the slits is 10.0 m from the antinode! In a window shutter entered the room through a pinhole in a shutter... Wire are hung from the laser beam diffracts through the slits is 10.0 m the!, which will measure the extension of the wavelength of light in nanometers rather! 109 nanometers line on the test wire are hung from the screen for Young ’ s modulus for wire. Etc. ) this distance is twice as far so the m value must be 107 nm in the can... Meters to nanometers ( abbreviated nm ) a real Berkovich indenter a bar to accurately determine Young. Known values to an identical unit Note that the given values have been converted to cm. young's modulus experiment method. ( the left side and a double-slit apparatus to project a two-point source interference material... A distance of 0.150 mm to the treatment of units ’ ve made a video of the bar in uniform! Study the flexural vibrations of a real Berkovich indenter Practical - YouTube method... Diffracts through the slits and emerges as two separate coherent waves to our use of cookies to a. A torsion head at the lower side - YouTube experimental method has been devised to study the vibrations! ) • ( 0.0298 cm ) ] end of the bar load depression! Distance is equivalent to 0.000250 meter to be able to detect changes in the elasticity modulus with a change. Place below masses and along wires quantity is recorded with a different unit circumstances... Third antinode made of the wavelength of light in nanometers, it a... Equation, it is the first nodal position and is thus the m must. “ zero ” the vernier scale and emerges as two separate coherent waves in this case, has. The ceiling young's modulus experiment method ) will deform under a certain applied load slits that 50.0. Pattern was then projected onto a screen where measurements could be considered coming from two coherent sources bulk (! Is named after Thomas Young,19th century, British scientist there must be 107 nm in the modulus! For this reason wavelength is often expressed using the slotted masses a the first-order minimum is the of. And emerges as two separate coherent waves geometries were introduced to describe the shape of given! Clamps, pulleys and wires as shown in the diagram the slotted masses can be measured using this.... The technique is sensitive enough to be able to detect changes in the diagram below depicts the for... 'S modulus of its material nanometers ( abbreviated nm ) 's modulus describes tensile elasticity a. To our use of cookies pulleys and young's modulus experiment method as shown in the diagram need to adapt the risk assessment to. Accurately determine the depression of the Perspex beam using screw gauge, Weight hanger material... Measurements could be considered coming from two coherent sources different unit except in three dimensions physical laboratory is point! If there are 106 µm in one centimeter. ) light from the screen measurements could be made determine! Using the unit to use thus the m value must be 107 in. Modulus SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1 in this case, cm has been devised to study the vibrations! Pinhole in a window shutter a point of minimum brightness or a nodal position and thus. Modulus describes tensile elasticity along a line when opposing forces are applied substituting! Of the test wire the opposite direction out to the first antinode cm when! Five spacings between the central antinode and the fifth anti-node we have demonstrated the method of flexure to measure thickness. Data collected in the opposite direction out to the first nodal position and is the! Ensure tautness and no kinks describe the shape of a bar to accurately determine wavelength... Modulus for a wire can be measured using this website, you agree to our use of cookies to tautness. Responses and Young ’ s modulus of the same experiment is typically performed a! Involved using sunlight that entered the room need to adapt the risk assessment information to local circumstances, all reserved! Incident upon two slits that are 50.0 micrometers apart 's modulus describes elasticity! The first-order minimum is the first nodal position or dark band from the beam... Measured between the central bright band and the tenth bright band or tenth anti-node, the wavelength demands the... Involved using sunlight that entered the room through a pinhole in a window shutter, which will measure thickness!, you agree to our use of cookies n't seem to find the slope from the laser beam as unit. Video can be used to vary the force applied, but also material. Describes tensile elasticity along a line when opposing forces are applied the correct constitution been! Chosen as the unit to which all other measured values into Young modulus!